Cubans wanting to travel abroad will no longer be required to secure an exit visa, the government has announced.
From January 13 next year, there will also be no requirement to present a letter of invitation.
Cubans with a valid passport and visa from the country they are visiting will also be able to spend as many as 24 months overseas, and then request an extension when that period runs out.
Currently, islanders lose residency and other rights including social security, free health care and education after 11 months.
But some restrictions are likely to remain.
Doctors, scientists, members of the military and others considered valuable parts of society currently face restrictions on travel to combat brain drain.
"The update to the migratory policy takes into account the right of the revolutionary State to defend itself from the interventionist and subversive plans of the US government and its allies," the official notice in Communist Party newspaper Granma said.
"Therefore, measures will remain to preserve the human capital created by the Revolution in the face of the theft of talent applied by the powerful."
Fidel Castro stepped down after almost half a century in power The general travel restrictions over the last half a century have not stopped as many as 30,000 Cubans leaving the island illegally each year.
Many have ended up in the US, which is home to more than one million people of Cuban origin.
Under the "wet foot, dry foot" policy, since 1966 the US has allowed nearly all those who reach its territory to remain.
Cuban President Raul Castro announced last year that the government was planning immigration reforms that would be introduced gradually.
The president has pressed for economic reforms over the past two years aimed at modernising Cuba's state-dominated economy while maintaining one-party rule.
Raul Castro assumed power in 2006 when his ageing brother Fidel stepped aside after ruling the island nation for nearly five decades.
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